Bird song classifiers

Decision table for identifying birdsong
Bird Description Audio
stereotypisch melodisch

Ortolan ■■		 stereotypisch melodisch fast medium (3-5 KHz) . First about 4 hlhlhlhl then a single higher or lower note
Song: Song simple, but varies from region to region. Sometimes structurally similar to yellowhammer, but slower, more melancholic, and with more clearly audible harmonics f.ex. "tze-ti tze-ti tze-ti tweeeee". Beginning with repeated alternating notes (tze-ti) and ending on a lower note fading out with a rising pitch. Sometimes without the ending note (like yellowhammer). [Link]		 ♫
einnotig

Berglaubsänger ■■		 einnotig fast high (3-7 KHz) . Single note repeated 6 or 8 times quickly in half a second
Song: Reihe(5-10) von gleichhohen Schlägen, ähnlich dem Schwirren der obigen Art [Waldlaubsänger], aber langsamer, einzelne Töne deutlich getrennt, etwas scheppernd. Kann mit Klappergrasmücke verwechselt werden) [Link]		 ♫
improvisiert melodisch
Raspel, rasseln

Steinschmätzer ■■		 Raspel, rasseln improvisiert melodisch fast medium (2-6 KHz) . The Wheatear song consists of short phrases with marked pauses. Each phrase is often introduced by the "weet" sound, then followed by hastened, creaking, rattling and warbling sounds of 1-2 seconds duration. The "check" sound is also often included in the song. [Link]
Song: Kurze, wechselvolle Strophe mit vielen unreinen Tönen. Meist von erhöhter Warte aus oder in kurzem Singflug vorgetragen. [Link]
The Wheatear song consists of short phrases with marked pauses. The "check" sound is also often included in the song. [Link]		 ♫
singt 5-19 Sekunden

Zitronenzeisig ■■		 singt 5-19 Sekunden fast low-high (2-10 KHz) . Wild warbling of about 7 seconds
Song: Wikipedia sagt ähnelt dem Gesang des Stieglitzes, in Aufbau und Tonfolge auch dem Girlitz.
Scheint nicht viel zu singen - XenoCanto hat nur 6 Seiten von Aufnahmen!		 ♫
nicht musikalisch
Mimikry, Krächzen

Tannenhäher ■■		 Mimikry, Krächzen nicht musikalisch slow low-high (1-10 KHz) . Grehh, grehh, grehh!!
Song: Song a quiet improvisation of whistling and clappering sounds, interspersed with mimicry of other birds. [Link]		 ♫
stereotypisch melodisch

Mauerläufer ■■		 stereotypisch melodisch fast medium (1-5 KHz) . 5-notes LlmHh with pirol-like slowness and tone.
Song: Song variable in length, but main characteristic a sequence of 4-6 long, ascending whistles with timbre recalling whistling kettle. More complex and varied phrases are mixed with the long whistles. Both male and female sings. [Link]		 ♫
einfach rhythmisch
Triller

Birkenzeisig ■■		 Triller einfach rhythmisch fast medium (2-6 KHz) . A few chirps and a trill, then repeat.
Song: Song an improvised chattering on various contact calls with no apparent phrasing. [Link]		 ♫
singt 5-19 Sekunden

Girlitz ■■		 singt 5-19 Sekunden veryFast high (4-10 KHz) . Song: Weird hectic song, and you'll probably hear them but not see them, which is a shame, because they're a colorful yellow bird. The song seems to defy description - described variously as the jingling of a bunch of keys, like crushing glass or the pouring of broken glass (the German Wikipedia refers to a nickname 'Glasscutter'), the sound of a cork twising in a bottle (Thomas Seilnacht on digitalefolien.ch), and one source I can no longer find talked about a ruined cassette tape. A Portuguese web site aptly calls it 'a high-pitched and fast rambled sum of indistinctive elements', and U. Cornell's ebird.org calls it frantically fast, oiseaux-birds.com 'a prolonged, wheezy, chirping', beautyofbirds.com 'a buzzing trill'.
Das Gesangsrepertoire umfasst über 50 komplexe Silben, die in einem sehr schnellen Tempo und einer sehr stereotypen Reihenfolge eigene Lieder bilden. Starke Variationen finden sich im Übergang von einer Tour (zusammenhängenden Abfolge von Silben, also (Teil-)Strophe) in eine andere (Modulation). Das Gesangsrepertoire ist unter den Stieglitzartigen (Carduelinae) einzigartig.[1] Zudem umfasst es eine variable Menge an Silben, die auch im Gesang anderer Vögel verwendet werden. Es konnte bewiesen werden, dass die Komposition des Repertoires geographisch variiert. [Wikipedia setzt sich ernsthaft mit dem Gesang auseinander]
Song: Song a hectic, jingling, continuous trill, like the pouring of broken glass. The highest notes are constantly modulated to form vague motifs. Timbre comparable to Corn Bunting. [Link]		 ♫
einfach rhythmisch
aufsteigend, Triller

Baumpieper ■■		 aufsteigend, Triller einfach rhythmisch slow medium (1-5 KHz) . Reminds me of a greenfinch - series of trills, whoops and other sounds with a long pause
Song: Mehrere unterschiedliche Tonreihen aneinandergefügt. Zuletzt „zia zia zia ziah“. Zuerst auf Baum sitzend, dann im Singflug, Zia-Rufe während Gleitflug (Fallschirmvogel) [Link]
Song characteristic. Starts with a series of Chaffinch-like "che-che-che" which gives way to long, descending, "ricocheting" whistling notes (especially at the end of song-flight). [Link]		 ♫
einnotig

Wiesenpieper ■■		 einnotig fast medium (1-5 KHz) . Single note, possibly rising at the end. (Or: long 4 second phrases, gradually louder then softer; swoopy or whoopy.) Sings in flight. BirdID: Song very similar to Rock Pipit, but tone less full and more brittle. Lacks Rock Pipit's closing trill, and beginning is less "hammering". - but what does a rock pipit sound like?
Song: Ähnlich Baumpieper, aber ohne Zia-Rufe. Vollständiger Gesang nur in flatterndem Singflug. Lange Strophen. Mittelstück meist zart und hoch [Link]
Song very similar to Rock Pipit, but tone less full and more brittle. Lacks Rock Pipit's closing trill, and beginning is less "hammering". [Link]		 ♫
stereotypisch melodisch

Brachpieper ❑❑		 stereotypisch melodisch slow medium (2-6 KHz) . Song simple. Consists of three notes merged in a short, continuous and ringing "tsee-ro-ee", given every 1-2 seconds.
Song: Song simple. Consists of three notes merged in a short, continuous and ringing "tsee-ro-ee", given every 1-2 seconds. Timbre is wagtail-like and intonation variable, but consistent in each song. Flight call similar in timbre, like a cross between Yellow Wagtail and House Sparrow (song). Thinner and more wagtail-like than Richard's Pipit. [Link]		 ♫
churr

Hausrotschwanz ■■		 churr stereotypisch melodisch slow high (3-9 KHz) . The song is two parts and unvarying. If it were a pop song, you'd call it ABABAB... The second part starts with a sputtering trill. The RSPB in the UK says 'warble with crackling trills.' Vogelwarte.ch says 'Der gepresst knirschende Gesang setzt meist lange vor Sonnenaufgang ein und ist der Auftakt für das Vogelkonzert.' BirdLife-Zuerich.ch says 'Einziger Sänger morgens um drei in den Häuserschluchten'. Obwohl NABU.de meint, sie singen nicht mehr nach Juli, war ich angenehm überrascht sie in Oktober im Tessin zu hören.
Song: Other: Einige Arten wie der Hausrotschwanz singen zudem im Herbst, bevor sie in ihr Winterquartier ziehen. Die Männchen legen dann ihre Reviere bereits «provisorisch» fest. [Link]
Am Morgen der erste Sänger: Kurzes dreiteiliges Liedchen, meist von Warte aus gesungen. Mittelstück aus rauen gequetschten Tönen. (als ob kurz die Stimme verloren) [Link]
Song consists of three parts and is distinct if heard well. It opens with some clear notes that may form a trill, which are then followed by a pause. The "gravel-part" does not carry as far as the rest of the song. [Link]		 ♫
Mimikry

Gartenrotschwanz ■■		 Mimikry stereotypisch melodisch slow high (3-9 KHz) . I though I had these guys figured out after hearing them in Locarno several times, but they're hard to get a handle on! At BirdID they are described the first two parts of a three-part song like this: 'an ascending single note, immediately followed by a trill', whereas in Locarno I heard an initial high-low-high-low, sometimes without the final low, perhaps also a quick middle note, and no trill. Then a relatively short blackbird or warbler-like tune of maybe 5-8 notes. Listening to more recordings at XenoCanto has completely confused me now! BirdID also says the song is similar to the black redstart, which I sometimes hear at XenoCanto, but never did in Locarno! They also note a similarity to the Lesser Whitethroat (Klappergrasmücke), which I hope to hear in Maienfeld.
Song: Fängt immer mit denselben 3 Tönen an, einem „dih dede“, wobei das dih etwa ein bis zwei Töne höher liegt. Dann folgt eine kurze Strophe mehr oder weniger reine Töne. Das Ganze ist ziemlich individuell. [Link]
Song distinct, with three parts: First an ascending single note, immediately followed by a trill, then concluding with a squeaky, rattling improvisation that usually contains some mimicry. [Link]		 ♫
einfach rhythmisch
Triller

Klappergrasmücke ■■		 Triller einfach rhythmisch slow medium (3-5 KHz) . Song typically consists of two parts. An indistinct chattering and warbling, subsong-like part similar to [common] Whitethroat, which is usually followed by a dry, fast and rattling trill. The trill carries much further than the chattering part. May be difficult to identify if trill is omitted. [Link]
Song: Klappernd. (Müllerchen) An Berglaubsänger erinnernd. Klappertöne (5-8) Aber oft mit leisem schwatzendem Vorgesang, der fehlen kann. Kann auch an Sumpfmeise erinnern, doch sind bei dieser die Klappertöne mehr von oben her angeschlagen. [Link]
Song typically consists of two parts. An indistinct chattering and warbling, subsong-like part similar to Whitethroat, which is usually followed by a dry, fast and rattling trill. The trill carries much further than the chattering part. May be difficult to identify if trill is omitted. [Link]		 ♫
improvisiert melodisch
Mimikry

Mönchsgrasmücke ■■		 Mimikry improvisiert melodisch fast medium (2-5 KHz) . They sometimes sing like a blackbird on speed - also non-stereotypic, seemingly improvised, in short bursts. Our local guy ends most of his songs with the same seven notes, which I find a good way to confirm the identification. In Ticino we often heard the 'Leiern' sound - the warblers would sing just the first 3 notes of a longer song, then stop. The order varied; high-medium-low I call 'Figaro' as in the opera, low-high-medium 'whiskey bar', as it sounded to me like the Kurt Weill lyrics, 'O-oh-show me-the-way to-the-next whis-ke-bar' - but the warbler usually stopped after 'way' or 'next' The British authors of The Sound Approach claim to hear 'a warblel and a whistle'.
Song: Mit schwätzendem Vorgesang, (kann auch kurz sein oder ganz fehlen) der dann in klare, kräftige, zum Ende hin in wehmütige Flötentöne übergeht (Überschlag) [Link]
Song pleasing, varied and loud. Sometimes very similar to Garden Warbler. A typical phrase starts with soft, staccato chattering and mimicry, which after a few seconds changes to a much louder, pure and resonant stream of notes for about 3-5 seconds. No fixed motif, but may end phrases with recurring notes. Often deviates from the characteristic type of song, and identification from song alone may be impossible. May sing first part of song for extended periods without ever reaching the characteristic ending. [Link]		 ♫

Schwarzkehlchen ■■		 improvisiert melodisch fast low-high (2-7 KHz) . General: Series of short, often squawky little bits, sometimes like a house sparrow, often repeated with only small variation. E.g. MmLMH?
Song: Kurzer Gesang, eher steigend 8-19 slurred notes. Or 21 43 2143 [Link]
Song: The English name derives from its call, sounding like two stones knocked together. [Link]
Gesang ähnlich obiger Art [Braunkehlchen]. Reine und kratzende Laute abwechselnd, wellenförmig [Link]
The song is a sweet stream of scratchy notes. Much more even, and less chattering than the Whinchat. Almost like a short and scratchy Dunnock phrase. [Link]		 ♫
Mimikry

Braunkehlchen ■■		 Mimikry improvisiert melodisch fast high (3-9 KHz) . General: Der Gesang (bei Vogelwarte.ch) klingt für mich ähnlich wie eine Mönchsgrasmücke, aber nur in sehr kurzen Phrasen.
Song: Gesang hat zwei Teile wie erster und dritter vom Hausrotschwanz. Steigend, fallend. [Link]
Song:
Kurzes (3-7 Töne) Liedchen mit 1-2 Kreischlauten, (ähnlich der Mittellaute b. Hausrotschwanz) variabel. Ahmt auch andere Vögel nach. [Link]
Song variable with lots of mimicry. The short phrases starts with dry, rattling or sneering trills, followed by clear whistling notes and expert mimicry. More varied, both in tone and tempo, than both Stonechat and Wheatear. [Link]		 ♫
singt 20 Sekunden oder laenger
Mimikry

Rotkopfwürger ❑❑		 Mimikry singt 20 Sekunden oder laenger fast medium (2-6 KHz) . Territorial song loud and varied. Often repeats phrases and includes mimicry. Alternative [non-territorial] song a more continuous chattering with impressive mimicry similar to Red-backed and Lesser Grey Shrike, and difficult to separate from those. [Link]
Song: Territorial song loud and varied. Often repeats phrases and includes mimicry. Alternativ song a more continuous chattering with impressive mimicry similar to Red-backed and Lesser Grey Shrike, and difficult to separate from those. [Link]		 ♫
stereotypisch melodisch
Triller, Raspel

Grünfink ■■		 Triller, Raspel stereotypisch melodisch fast low-high (2-7 KHz) . General: Sequence of 4-6 rhythmic elements at different pitches. A sort of trill is often start or end of the sequence, there are slides.
Song: Song composed of various sequences of linked sounds, repeated in a vibrating manner; "trrrrrrrrr", "chechechecheche". Sometimes resembles Brambling when making the wheezy "rrrrrrrrr" sound, but differs in being harsher and by "pulling" the pitch downwards (or sometimes upwards) at the end. [Link]		 ♫
einfach rhythmisch
Raspel

Bergfink ■■		 Raspel einfach rhythmisch slow medium (1-5 KHz) . General: Bergfink - call cheep plus two ascending Grünfink squawks. Song? Grünfink squawk but not descending, every 3-4 seconds.
Song: Song very distinct; a soft, wheezing, drawn-out single note. Repeated at the same pitch in a monotonous manner. [Link]
Song: Song very distinct; a soft, wheezing, drawn-out single note. Repeated at the same pitch in a monotonous manner. [Link]		 ♫
stereotypisch melodisch
Mimikry, Triller

Zippammer ■■		 Mimikry, Triller stereotypisch melodisch fast low-high (2-9 KHz) . AppearanceAndIdentification: orange-brauner bauch, weisse brust+kopf mit 3 schwarzen streifen am kopf (unter/am/ueber Augen), braun+dunkelbraun auf Fluegeln; aber Weibchen eher braun
Song: Notes from 2022: Short song, relatively long pause, repeated with slight variation? Has a very short triller of just 3 notes.
May have heard and seen one walking parallel to the Aa on the way to Pfaeffikersee today, though the visual ID is very uncertain; the Xeno-Canto song here sounds different than my 2022 description - musical like a chaffinch but rising, not falling.
Song: Song variable, but usually distinct. [Link]		 ♫
Mimikry

Bluthänfling ■■		 Mimikry stereotypisch melodisch fast low-high (2-7 KHz) . General: Aehnlich wie ein Rohrsaenger aber nur kurze Segmente mit klaren Pausen.
Song: Nabu: Sein Gesang umfasst trillernde, kurze und musikalische pfeifende Laute, unter anderem „piUU“, „trrüh“ und „tu-ki-jüüh“. [Link]
Song: Gesang ist fast Rohrsänger-artig, relativ hoch und zirpend. Manchmal mit kleinen Pausen. bird-song Aufnahme where kurz, llll mhllll [Link]
Song: Gesang fuer mich aehnlich wie Gruenfink.
Song a varied, sweet stream of contact calls, mimicry and trills with a staccato feel. [Link]		 ♫
improvisiert melodisch
absteigend

Singdrossel ■■		 absteigend improvisiert melodisch slow low-high (2-9 KHz) . Paced like a blackbird, humorous mix of elements like a nightingale. Huge range, elements from 2-5 KHz, others 6.5-9 KHz. Can sing for up to 50 minutes, and a male may know 100 melodies in its repertoire.
Song: Klangfarbe ähnlich obiger Art [Amsel], aber jedes Element 2-4mal wiederholt, Pausen zwischen den Phrasen.(klingt oft wie „Philipp“, oder „Judith“) Einzige Drossel unseres Gebietes die diese Wiederholungen macht. Singt oft nicht von Baumspitze aus, sondern aus dem Geäst. [Link]		 ♫
nicht musikalisch
rasseln

Misteldrossel ■■		 rasseln nicht musikalisch fast low-high (2-9 KHz) . Song: Gesang ähnlich Amsel, aber eintöniger mit geringerem Tonumfang [auch kürzer, kein schnirpsliges Ende -- Bill] [Link]
Song: Gesang ähnlich dem der Amsel, aber weniger abwechslungsreich und melancholisch, fast weinerlich klingend. Meist von Tannenspitze aus. [Link]
Song loud, far reaching and melodic. Most similar to Blackbird, but pitch is higher, phrases shorter (3-6 notes) and most notably, pauses between phrases are much shorter. All which gives the song a much more hurried feel than that of the Blackbird. Timbre is thinner and slightly shivering, and tonal range more limited. May have recurring favourite motifs, but does not repeat phrases like Song Thrush. Sometimes adds higher pitched parts and imitations. [Link]		 ♫
stereotypisch melodisch

Rotdrossel down 6+chattering ■■		 stereotypisch melodisch slow medium (3-5 KHz) . Song delivered in two parts. First a simple, melodic phrase of 3 - 6 notes, usually followed by a more silent, indistinct, fast and less melodic, chattering sequence. First part highly variable from place to place, but constant in individuals. [Link]
Song: Song delivered in two parts. [Link]		 ♫
nicht musikalisch
Raspel

Wacholderdrossel ■■		 Raspel nicht musikalisch slow medium (1-6 KHz) . BirdID says song a mix of dry contact calls, BirdLife that it's almost only heard in flight. The XC recording is a bit of a chuckle to me.
Song: Gesang nicht melodisch,aus gepressten, quietschenden Tönen bestehend, fast nur im Flug vorgetragen. [Link]
Song a mix of dry contact calls; "trrrt trrrrt", and high pitched, drawn out, chattering improvisations. [Link]		 ♫
einfach rhythmisch
Mimikry

Dorngrasmücke ■■		 Mimikry einfach rhythmisch fast high (3-7 KHz) . Song: Often ends with more indistinct mimicry, or subsong. May omit characteristic phrase and sing more cryptic for periods of time, and may be more difficult to identify. [Link]
Relativ kurzer gesang, an Anfang fallend, dann entweder weiter oder steigend. 7-14 notes. [Link]
Song: Gesang kurz und rau (Kürzester Name).Oft im Singflug aber auch ab Warte. Wenn im Singflug dann Strophe etwas länger. [Link]
Often ends with more indistinct mimicry, or subsong. May omit characteristic phrase and sing more cryptic for periods of time, and may be more difficult to identify. [Link]		 ♫
einnotig

Bergpieper ■■		 einnotig fast high (3-7 KHz) . Er singt überwiegend fliegend ein ein- bis zweisilbiges „zip“ oder „tsi tsi“. [Link]
Song: Monoton, GAR NICHT BERGIG. Tsilp tsilp, gleich note, wiederholt sich über 10+ Sekunden, leicht schneller aber nicht zu viel. [Link]
Meist drei nicht scharf abgesetzte lange Tonreihen. Singflug. Mittelteilstück rauer und geräuschhafter als bei obiger Art [Wiesenpieper]. [Link]
Song slightly more melodious, often with Tree Pipit like glissandi at end of phrase. [Link]		 ♫
singt 20 Sekunden oder laenger

Alpenbraunelle ■■		 singt 20 Sekunden oder laenger fast low-high (1-8 KHz) . Fast, long, chirpy
Song: Song is a varied stream of melodious and chattering notes, more resembling skylark than the much higher pitched Dunnock. [Link]		 ♫
zweinotig

Heidelerche ■■		 zweinotig fast medium (3-5 KHz) . General: Slow for a lark? Fast to me.
Song: Fallend dadui dadui. Or figaro figaro - picture Heidi in an opera. Wenig Variation. [Link]
Der flötende Gesang der Heidelerche gehört zu den schönsten der Vogelwelt und ist tagsüber wie auch nachts zu hören. [Link]
Song: Song: Distinct and quite slow for a lark. Consists mainly of varied, disyllabic elements, or single syllables repeated in descending, accelerated phrases. Starting soft and hesitantly, then gaining in strength and speed. [Link]		 ♫
stereotypisch melodisch

Wintergoldhähnchen ■■		 stereotypisch melodisch slow high (6-8 KHz) . Vogelwarte.ch sagt, sehr hoher Gesang leicht auf- und absteigend. Hier faengt es mit flach an. [Link]
Song: Kurze Reihe von sehr hohen, leisen Tönen in auf-absteigender Tonhöhe, an das „W“-im Namen erinnernd. [Link]
Song: a very high-pitched, undulating series of arpeggiated notes moving down and up again, repeated 4-5 times ending with a marked "conclusion" (like "trying to start a tiny motor and failing"). Timbre of song similar to contact call. [Link]		 ♫
einfach rhythmisch

Sommergoldhähnchen ■■		 einfach rhythmisch fast high (6-8 KHz) . Very high rhythmic repetition of about 3 seconds
Song: Wie [beim Wintergoldhähnchen] aber auf gleicher Tonhöhe bleibend. [Link]
Song: Similar in timbre to Goldcrest, but much more monotonous. [Link]		 ♫

Sumpfmeise ■■		 einfach rhythmisch fast low-high (2-10 KHz) . Higher-pitched than great tit, sometimes repetitive 1- and 2-note tunes like them, sometimes simple melodies, usually pure, sometimes chirpy or raspy. BirdID at Nord U says 'Song: A simple one or two note call repeated in series. Usually rising slightly in pitch, and with a "liquid" quality.'. At bird-song.ch it's hl-rest-hl, or 7-8 2-noter swoops. bird-song.ch names lh-break-hl as a pistjä call and also has a series of 7 or 8 falling 'swoops'.
Song: Klapperlied - 6-8 Noten 'angeschlagen'
Klapperlied. Reihe (6-8) weich angeschlagene Töne mittlerer Höhe. Ähnlich der Klappergrasmücke aber weicher. (Sumpf ist weich) Oft auch Rufe wie „psja“ zu hören. Ziemlich scharf u. gepresst. [Link]		 ♫

Goldammer ■■		 einfach rhythmisch fast high (4-8 KHz) . Stakkato 2-Noten-Sequenz wird 10-12 mal wiederholt, mit Pause oder hoehere Note und Pfiff am Ende. In der Schweiz hoere ich (und andere) meistens den XlB-Dialekt, was Pavel Pipek vom yellowhammers.net Projekt erklaert heisst eine Silbe mit hoher Note und lang gezogen (Xl) und am schluss eine tiefe Frequenz (B). Vogelwarte.ch schreibt: Bereits im zeitigen Frühjahr trägt das Männchen seinen einfachen Gesang vor: «Wie, wie, wie, wie hab ich dich lieb». Bolzari und Gygax in Vogelarten der Schweiz sind weniger poetisch aber hilfreicher mit der Beschreibung: vzizizizizizizi-düüüh.
Song: Kurzes Liedchen. „ Wie wie wie hab ich dich liiieb“ Das „Lieb“ ist meist etwas tiefer, kann aber auch höher sein oder doppelt, dabei das eine höher und das andere tiefer. Sehr variabel! [Link]
Song a series of 6-8 (or more) slightly ascending "tze" 's, rising in volume and ending on a sustained note, which may be lower or higher than the others. Often rendered as "little-bit-of-cheese-and-no-bread". Last note is often omitted, which may lead to confusion with Cirl Bunting. Timbre with prominent harmonics as in other bunting songs. [Link]		 ♫

Zaunammer ■■		 einfach rhythmisch fast medium (3-6 KHz) . biologie-wissen.info: sings beg Feb to mid July; me: long trill similar to yellowhammer
Song: BirdID says song like yellowhammer with no ending. I see what they mean - it's more like 16 or so trilled repetitions of the same note, and no leap up to 'lieb' as in the German Goldammer mnemonic.
Wie Goldammer, aber ohne das „lieb“.und etwas tiefer. Ähnlich Klappergrasmücke. [Link]
Song variable, but can generally be described as a Yellowhammer phrase with no ending, or an Arctic Warbler with bunting timbre. Tempo also variable, but rhythm always even. [Link]		 ♫
singt 20 Sekunden oder laenger
Mimikry

Feldlerche ■■		 Mimikry singt 20 Sekunden oder laenger slow medium (2-6 KHz) . Fast chirpy improvization without a break, not very high, reminds me of a nightingale or a Eurasian reed warbler/Teichrohrsänger with the exact rhythm, but most likely sung in a cornfield. Or a Singdrossel that repeats its elements longer that that guy. Repeats elements 1-8 times. Sometimes buzzy/trilly. Can go on for minutes at a time. Ich habe es auch mit einem Amsel verwechselt, da er lang und melodisch, fast wie Amsel aber hört nicht auf.
Song: Song a pleasing energetic stream of chirping, merry trills, interspersed with mimicry. Trills quite resonant with fairly full tone. Song usually given in flight high in the air. Less characteristic, shorter, weaker and more varied song when given from ground. [Link]		 ♫
stereotypisch melodisch
flöten, rasseln

Stieglitz ■■		 flöten, rasseln stereotypisch melodisch fast low-high (2-7 KHz) . General: Hektischer Singsang, wirkt recht chaotisch in Futtergruppen. Aber auch als Käfigvogel gehalten, es muss solo schöner klingen.
Gesang hat eine Struktur (und ist langsamer als der Girlitz): Zuerst eine kleine Melodie hoch und runter; dann vielleicht ein Gruenfink-Triller, dann 4 wiederholte Noten oder ein neues Melodiechen. (Oder kommen diese Elemente eher zufaellig?)
Song: Name stammt angeblich vom Gesang: ein steigernder sti-ge-litt.
My first (multilingual) notes: Stieglitz like Grünfink, fast, high, occasional trills. Occasionally ends a bit with falling note like buchfink
Mir wurde erst in St. Moritz in Juli 2021 bewusst wie aehnlich der Steiglitz wie ein Gruenfink klingt - beide koennen lange Gesang mit Trillern und rauhen sinkenden Toenen singen, und ich habe Stieglitz v.a. durch dieses Stoehnen fuer Gruenfink gehalten.
Contact-call distinct, and also constitutes a major part of the song. A sharp and explosive "witt", or "tzee-witt". Sometimes given as a single syllable, di- or trisyllabic, or as continuous series. The song is comprised of rapid series of the contact call, interrupted by drawn-out melodic notes and trills. [Link]		 ♫

Fichtenkreuzschnabel ■■		 stereotypisch melodisch slow low-high (2-10 KHz) . Repeated hi-low pattern...well, doesn't always sound like that. The very short beginning of my Stazersee recording before the static sets in does, as well as a song found online. One recording reminds me of cicada sounds.
Song: The song consist of improvised, resonant twittering, and series of contact calls with no apparent phrases. It is generally faster, with less marked pauses than in Parrot Crossbill, and the phrasing seems more random. [Link]		 ♫

Pirol ■■		 stereotypisch melodisch slow low (0-1 KHz) . Weiches, tiefes Flöten. Meiner Meinung nach hat der Pirol eine wunderschoene Stimme aber gar keine Fantasie was Melodie betrifft - er sind immer die gleichen paar Noten.
Song: Varied repertoire, but song and common contact call very distinct. Song a series of 1-2 seconds long phrases of 3-5 yodeling, clear, fluting notes, interspersed with 2-3 second pauses. Tone very full-bodied, melodic and pleasing. [Link]		 ♫
einfach rhythmisch

Weidenmeise ■■		 einfach rhythmisch slow high (3-7 KHz) . Songs I've heard alternate two notes and look like a sine wave on the sonogram. Vogelwarte.ch: Apart from minor differences in diet and size, Alpine Tit and Willow Tit can only be identified by their song. The Willow Tit utters a series of long, descending notes («tyoo tyoo tyoo tyoo»), whereas the Alpine Tit’s territorial song consists of short notes on an even pitch («dee dee dee dee dee»). See more here.
Song: 1.Gesangstyp: „ziü ziü ziü „ etwas wehmütig, die einzelnen Töne leicht absinkend, nicht klappernd. Bei Unterart Alpenmeise auf gleicher Höhe bleibend. 2.Gesangstyp: variable, schwätzende, helle Folge m. trillerndem Schluss. [Link]
Song: One or two soft, clear, melancholic notes repeated in a slow, even rhythm. At first rising slightly in pitch, then gradually falling. In some areas song is evenly pitched. [Link]		 ♫
stereotypisch melodisch

Fitis Buchfink diva ■■		 stereotypisch melodisch fast high (3-9 KHz) . Gesang wie Buchfink aber höher, schnell, tendenz fallend aber mit mehr hoch und runter.
Song: Reihe v. Pfeiflauten (ca 12) etwas abfallend. Klingt ähnlich Buchfink, aber etwas traurig, melancholisch, wie in moll-Tonart. [Link]
By far most easily identified by it's call or song. Song: A 3-5 second, falling phrase of soft, rippling "svi-svi" sounds, starting high with some attack, and then falling in a mellow manner. The phrase lacks any conclusion, and diminishes both in strength and tempo. [Link]		 ♫
improvisiert melodisch

Gartengrasmücke ■■		 improvisiert melodisch fast medium (1-5 KHz) . Vogelwarte: 'minutenlang anhaltenden, plaudernden und abwechslungsreichen Gesang'
Song: Sprudelnd, orgelnd, die längsten Strophen aller hiesigen Grasmücken. Mit vielen reinen, volltönenden Tönen. Ohne Überschlag der Mönchsgrasmücke. [Link]
Song: a full bodied, flowing, melodious stream of notes, distinguished by its almost constant, warbled quality and lack of clear whistling notes (see Blackcap). Tempo is fairly even. Beware confusion possibility with occasional subsong of Blackcap that never reaches the whistling part! Call a nasal "che". [Link]		 ♫
einfach rhythmisch

Rohrschwirl ■■		 einfach rhythmisch fast medium (3-5 KHz) . Endless buzzing like an insect or machinery. Lower tone than Feldschwirl.
Song: Gesang ähnlich obiger Art [Feldschwirl]. Tiefere Tonlage, höhere Frequenz. Strophen meist kürzer [Link]		 ♫
singt 20 Sekunden oder laenger
komisch

Teichrohrsänger ■■		 komisch singt 20 Sekunden oder laenger fast medium (1-5 KHz) . Weird, squeaky, urgent. Slower than Sumpfrohrsaenger.
Song: Gleichmässiges Tempo! Man kann den Takt schlagen dazu.(Metronomsänger) Oft 2-3x wiederholte kurze Motive. Viele schnarrende Töne. [Link]
By far easiest to identify by song: Characteristic, almost metric and even rhythm, very different from Sedge Warbler. Squeaky timbre with many, almost bizarre, harmonics. Phrases generally repeated 2-3 times. [Link]		 ♫
Mimikry, komisch

Sumpfrohrsänger ■■		 Mimikry, komisch singt 20 Sekunden oder laenger fast medium (1-5 KHz) . Rival Teichrohrsänger hat eher Wiederholungen, Sumpfrohrsänger auch Kohlmeise-tschurrende-Rufe und andere Geräusche und kurze Melodien von 2-5 Noten.
Song: Der Virtuose unter den Rohrsängern! Meisterhafter Imitator anderer Vogelstimmen. Viele wirbelnde und zwirlende Laute, wenig schnarrende. Variable Tempi. [Link]
Song extremely varied and full of mimicry of both European and African species. Up to 75 species imitated by the same bird. Phrases often repeated 2-4 times, and different phrases may overlap. Nevertheless, clearly defined phrases with marked pauses. Sometimes more flowing streams of notes, but less so than Icterine Warbler. Most similar to Icterine and Blyth's Reed Warbler. Softer timbre than Icterine, and not so loud. [Link]		 ♫
Raspel

Drosselrohrsänger ■■		 Raspel singt 20 Sekunden oder laenger slow medium (1-5 KHz) . General: Klingt für mich wie krächz pieps pieps. Vogelarten der Schweiz sieht das anders: 'Laute und auffällig knarrende, rau tönende Strophe ''karre-kiet karre karre-keit.'' '
Song: In Vergleich zu Teichrohrsänger langsamer und lauter. [Link]
Song: Gesang ähnlich Teichrohrsänger, aber viel lauter, Tonhöhenunterschiede 2-3 Oktaven. Karre-Kit-Sänger.. Sehr taktmässig. [Link]
Song similar to Reed Warbler in timbre, but much deeper and slower. [Link]		 ♫
Mimikry

Schilfrohrsänger ■■		 Mimikry singt 20 Sekunden oder laenger slow medium (1-5 KHz) . Das Beispiel auf vogelwarte.ch ist eher ein knarren und trillern, ähnlicher Rhythmus und Klänge wie der Teichrohrsänger.
Song: Gesang sehr ähnlich dem Teichrohrsänger. Aber nicht so im Takt. Bevorzugte Tongebilde werden mehrmals wiederholt. Des öftern Singflug über dem Schilf. [Link]
Song vigorous and varied. [Link]		 ♫
stereotypisch melodisch
aufsteigend, Triller

Grauammer ■■		 aufsteigend, Triller stereotypisch melodisch fast high (4-8 KHz) . General: Song is an ascending trill or buzz that climbs about an octave - 4-8 KHz.
Song: Gesang steigend und immer schneller wie .... was? [Link]
Song: Sieht für mich eher braun aus als der Grau im Namen, mit einem Finken-Schnabel und Striche oben auf der Brust wie ein Drossel [Link]
Song diagnostic. A brittle, jingling and accelerating phrase of about 2 seconds duration. [Link]		 ♫
Triller

Rohrammer ■■		 Triller stereotypisch melodisch slow high (3-7 KHz) . General: At Fanel I heard sequences of whistles and trills (buzzes?), just a few notes, but wandering up and down: m h lll, or l m hhh m. Listen to recording of 2022-06-25 13.37.28
Song: BirdID: A short sequence of 3-5 brittle and buzzing sounds, repeated consistently with marked pauses. Last sound in phrase often has a conclusive feel, but not always. [Link]
Song: Song variable between individuals and breeding status: A short sequence of 3-5 brittle and buzzing sounds, repeated consistently with marked pauses. Last sound in phrase often has a conclusive feel, but not always. Paired males sing slower than unpaired. Unpaired male song also more contracted, making the pauses between each phrase stand out. [Link]		 ♫
singt 20 Sekunden oder laenger
Mimikry

Erlenzeisig ■■		 Mimikry singt 20 Sekunden oder laenger fast high (3-9 KHz) . bird-song.ch sagt Gesang zwitschernd und trillernd und aehnlich wie Girlitz - ich finde auch, es hat das hohe chaotische von den mit ab und zu was rohem. [Link]
Song: Distinct calls and song. The contact call is also prominent in the improvised song. Other typical sounds in the song includes a peculiar wheeze, like someone sucking their teeth, and lots of expert mimicry. [Link]		 ♫
stereotypisch melodisch

Raubwürger ■■		 stereotypisch melodisch slow medium (2-5 KHz) . I'd have called the song a call myself.
Song: Song varied. During breeding season a varied subdued song is heard from both sexes. [Link]		 ♫
improvisiert melodisch
Triller, aufsteigend, komisch

Nachtigall ■■		 Triller, aufsteigend, komisch improvisiert melodisch slow medium (1-5 KHz) . Can be a sequence of unrelated weird but musical sounds - trills, churrs, human-like whistles - very amusing.
Song: The song is the best characteristic to separate it from T. Nightingale. [Link]		 ♫
stereotypisch melodisch

Schwanzmeise Diddly doot-doot-doot-doot ■■		 stereotypisch melodisch slow high (3-9 KHz) . General: Meistens hoert man das Pfief...chk..chk..Pfief von den Rufen, siehe dort.
Song: Nabu: Der Gesang ist ein feines Trillern und selten zu hören (someone at XenoCanto compares it to a blue tit trill). [Link]
Song: Song: high tsee-tsee; funny downhill trill		 ♫
einfach rhythmisch
lallen

Tannenmeise ■■		 lallen einfach rhythmisch fast high (3-9 KHz) . Higher-pitched than great tit, with more slurs instead of pure notes. Usually 2 or 3 notes in varied order. To me it seems they have a repertoire of songs, like their 'big brothers', the great tits.
Song: Song: Various repeated motifs, consisting of two to three notes with alternating accents. Slightly similar to Great Tit, but faster, not so metallic and with a less full tone. Can be mistaken for Marsh Tit when singing single or double notes, but tone is softer and notes more clearly separated (if disyllabic). [Link]		 ♫

Haubenmeise ■■		 lallen einfach rhythmisch fast high (3-9 KHz) . Higher-pitched than great tit - how distinguish from coal tit, etc?
Song: Song: an improvisation over previously described calls. [Link]		 ♫
stereotypisch melodisch

Gartenbaumläufer 'short song in the gar-DEN' ■■		 stereotypisch melodisch slow high (4-7 KHz) . General: It sounds to me like a 5-7 note song like 'five k low high higher', 'short song in the gar-DEN'. The individual notes have the same backward checkmark shape as the call. It's basically the same across Europe.
Song: The song of the nominate subspecies is an evenly spaced sequence of notes teet-teet-teet-e-roi-tiit. [Link]
Its song is short, loud and rhythmic. [Link]
[In comparison with the visually similar Eurasian treecreeper, it] has a clearer, louder more staccato contact call of ‘sreet’ or ‘sree’ and a short ‘wit’ during normal activity [Link]
Song: Kurz u. bündig! (Gartenwege sind kurz.) Tonreihe am Schluss ansteigend. „Hesch du gseh woni bi? [Link]		 ♫

Waldbaumläufer Sagging tree branch ■■		 stereotypisch melodisch slow medium (1-5 KHz) . Ich sage: es klingt wie ein schneller, hoher Buchfink. Wikipedia sagt: Die kurze Gesangsstrophe ist eine abfallende, zum Ende wieder ansteigende Reihe von leisen Pfeiftönen und erinnert an die Lautäußerungen von Blaumeise und Fitis. The example at bird-song.ch is a series of 5 notes falling 3x and rising back 2x, then 5 or so fast falling notes.
Song: Lang u. klar! (Waldwege sind lang). Tonreihe im Ganzen absinkend, nur letzter Ton höher. [Link]
Song a short, continuous three-part phrase. [Link]		 ♫
improvisiert melodisch
Triller

Zaunkönig ■■		 Triller improvisiert melodisch fast high (3-9 KHz) . High-pitched, melodic, very variable with many trills and whistles.
Song: Auffällig laut für den kleinen Vogel. Singt auch im Winter! Schmetternd, mit einem bis zwei Trillern als letztes oder vorletztes Glied. [Link]
Song surprisingly loud. A high-pitched stream of clear notes resembling Robin and Dunnock in timbre. Differs from those in showing frequent shifts in pitch with much larger register than Dunnock, and by the unique, numerous, interspersed long trills. [Link]		 ♫

Schwarzspecht ■■		 . Automatically generated from Xeno-Canto recording
Song: Beide Geschlechter ähnlich Grünspecht aber klangvoller. „klückklückklück“ 10-20 Laute. Die „klück“ werden etwas von unten heraufgeholt, vor allem gegen den Schluss zu. Häufiger hört man „kliüüh“ von am Stamme sitzenden Vogel. Bei Platzwechsel ruft er „krükrükrü“. [Link]
Song a quick series of "klee" calls resembling Green Woodpecker, but with a purer tone and upward infliction at end of each syllable. [Link]		 ♫
einfach rhythmisch
trommeln

Grauspecht ■■		 trommeln einfach rhythmisch fast medium (0-4 KHz) . Drumming in lieu of song. Fast, constant, somehow less harsh than great and middle spotted woodpeckers.
Song: Deutlich abfallende Tonreihe. 4-10 Töne. Absinken beginnt gewöhnlich erst mit dem dritten oder vierten Ton und wird etwas langsamer. Klingt etwas klagend (moll). Vor allem gegen den Schluss. Kann nachgepfiffen werden. (beim Grünspecht nicht ) [Link]		 ♫
nicht musikalisch

Wendehals ■■		 nicht musikalisch slow medium (1-6 KHz) . Woodpecker-like series of up to 25 slightly rising calls.
Song: Reihe von 8-12 Pfeiftönen. Klingt fast etwas heiser., Jeder Ruf etwas absinkend. Die Tonhöhe kann innerhalb der Reihe etwas schwanken, etwas zunehmen und eindringlicher werden. Klangfarbe weich, obertönig. [Link]
Song (both sexes): an insisting, Merlin- or Lesser Spotted Woodpecker-like series of plaintive "kee kee kee kee kee ". First slightly ascending, then descending. [Link]		 ♫

Grünspecht ■■		 nicht musikalisch slow medium (1-6 KHz) . Spooky laugh.
Song: Helles Lachen. Weiche, oft leicht abfallende Tonreihe. Variabel in Lautstärke und Silbenzahl. je nach Stimmung. Wenn abfallend dann vom Anfang der Rufreihe an. Auch dreisilbig „kiäckkiäckkiäck“. [Link]
Song similar to Grey-headed Woodpecker, but not as soft and fluty. Each phrase consist of a series of short "klee", with a laughing quality. Pitch drops slightly throughout the phrase, but not as markedly as in Grey-headed, and tempo is fairly constant (no ritardando). [Link]		 ♫
Mimikry, Krächzen

Eichelhäher ■■		 Mimikry, Krächzen nicht musikalisch fast medium (1-5 KHz) . Harsh crow-like call, or quiet questioning, 'grumbling', or plaintive cries.
Song: Quiet and varied subsong with mimicry, resembling a small passerine heard from both sexes. [Link]		 ♫
einfach rhythmisch
Triller

Blaumeise ■■		 Triller einfach rhythmisch slow high (3-9 KHz) . General: High-pitched, often descending (hhll), occasionally ascending. "Christina compares it to a ping-pong ball dropping.
[In Januar singt die Kohlmeise als erster Vogel in Deutschland], dann kommt die Blaumeise dazu.
Song: Song: Characteristic, clear, high-pitched, vibrating call. Usually introduced by a couple of accenting syllables, followed by ringing vibrating notes: "ti ti chuhuhuhuhuhuhuhuhuhu". [Link]		 ♫
improvisiert melodisch
Schnörkel

Amsel ■■		 Schnörkel improvisiert melodisch slow low-high (1-7 KHz) . Other: Gut zu erkennen ist die Amsel. Sie singt melodiös, erklärt Heller, «zuerst flötend und dann gegen Schluss so schnirpslig». Die Amsel singe gerne dort, wo sie gut gehört werde, etwa vor Hauswänden, die den Schall nicht schlucken. Ich wollte schauen was schnirpslig heisst, aber diese ist diese einzige Verwendung, die Google kennt! Der flötende Teil ist relativ tief, 1.5-3 KHz, der schnirpslige aber 2.5-7 KHz. (Schnirpslig ist ein schones Wort das der Redner erfunden hat - Google findet nur diese eine Webseite mit dem Wort!) [Von der SRF Webseite:]
Song: Melodisch flötend dazwischen auch zerquetschte Töne. Die Elemente werden nicht wiederholt. Singt von Singwarte aus. Ca. 100 verschiedene Strophentypen. [Link]
One of the most appreciated song birds. Very melodious and resonant, with long mellow notes and a large register. Less high pitched sounds than Song Thrush, and seldom repeats a phrase. Timbre fuller than both Song Thrush and Mistle Thrush. Well defined pauses between phrases, giving the song a relaxed pace. [Link]		 ♫
einfach rhythmisch

Haussperling ■■		 einfach rhythmisch slow medium (2-5 KHz) . Monotones Zirpen. Hauptsächlich 2-5 KHz mit Übertönen.
Song: Song a primitive, monosyllabic, or slightly disyllabic "chilp", hard to distinguish from Tree Sparrow. [Link]		 ♫

Seidenschwanz ❑❑		 einfach rhythmisch fast high (5-7 KHz) . Lots of trills. [Link]
Song: Song more or less a variation on the contact call. [Link]		 ♫
stereotypisch melodisch

Karmingimpel ■❑		 stereotypisch melodisch fast medium (2-6 KHz) . Einfacher, flötender Gesang: variations on a slurring hHmML. [Link]
Song: Song very characteristic. A melodious, pure and short whistle, often rendered as "pleased to meet you". Each note with a smooth gliding change of pitch. Number of syllables may vary. [Link]		 ♫
einfach rhythmisch

Schneesperling ■■		 einfach rhythmisch slow medium (4-6 KHz) . The XC song I downloaded is a faint chirping. Should follow up on song - most talk about calls.
Song: Song a staccato, variable phrase, consisting of short burst of sharp chattering in uneven tempo. The timbre is ringing, rich in harmonics and partly rolling. [Link]		 ♫

Kuckuck ■■		 einfach rhythmisch slow low (0-1 KHz) . Two-noter
Song: Männchen: Unverwechselbarer Ruf. Weibchen: im Frühling eine kichernde Rufreihe, [Link]
Song: the well known disyllabic "cuck-coo" with emphasis on first note, and the second note a third lower than the first one. Also a harsh "tchaa tchaa", and a bubbly trill, reminiscent of Little Grebe, uttered by the female. [Link]		 ♫
nicht musikalisch
komisch
Saatkrähe ■■ komisch nicht musikalisch fast low (0-3 KHz) . Gurgling and rattling, but mostly calls
Song: Also gives a varied song of soft gurgling and rattling sounds, interwoven with calls at breeding ground. [Link]		 ♫
improvisiert melodisch
Mimikry, aufsteigend, komisch

Star ■■		 Mimikry, aufsteigend, komisch improvisiert melodisch slow medium (1-5 KHz) . Ich find ihr Gesang lustig, wenn sie einzel sind. In Gruppen machen sie einen ziemlichen Lärm.
Song: Song a highly varied mix of falling whistles, bill-clappering and various masterful mimicry. [Link]		 ♫
einnotig

Turteltaube ■■		 einnotig slow low (1-3 KHz) . Trilling coo.
Song: Song: a deep, rolling, and slightly ascending cooing; "trrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr trrr-trrrr" with variations in rhythm. Sometimes birds sticks to a phrase, but phrases varies between individuals. [Link]		 ♫
nicht musikalisch
rasseln

Elster ■■		 rasseln nicht musikalisch slow low (1-3 KHz) . Familiar rattle
Song: Rich repertoire includes soft and surprisingly varied sub-song. [Link]		 ♫
einfach rhythmisch

Kohlmeise ■■		 einfach rhythmisch slow medium (1-5 KHz) . Said to have a repertoire as a species of 50 or more different songs, albeit simple ones, up to 10 per individual. Females prefer a male with a large repertoire. One two-note song sounds like a squeaky bed.
Song: Nabu: Die erste Vogelart, die wir im Jahr hören, ist meistens die Kohlmeise mit ihrem typischen Läuten: "Zip Zäh" oder "Zip zip Zäh". [NABU Experte Lars Lachmann bei Deutschlandfunk Nova]
Song highly variable, but usually consisting of two to three notes repeated in a motif. Same birds have many different motifs but generally repeat them many times before switching. Identified by its timbre and often metallic resonant quality, more than by actual phrasing (which is very variable). Often includes buzzing sounds in song. [Link]		 ♫
einnotig

Kleiber ■■		 einnotig fast medium (1-5 KHz) . Song: Song a simple series of loud notes [Link]
Song: Other: The song is very variable, with rising and falling notes, sometimes with repetition of excitement calls. [Link]
The song is a slow whistled pee-pee-pee with many variants, including a faster version, and may be intermingled with the call. [Link]
Other: Song a simple series of loud notes. [Link]
Song a simple series of loud notes. [Link]		 ♫
improvisiert melodisch
flöten

Rotkehlchen ■■		 flöten improvisiert melodisch fast high (3-9 KHz) . General: Hoch aber auch bis tief, z.B. 2.9-7.7 KHz. Wikipedia sagt, 'Der Gesang des Rotkehlchens ist mit 275 nachgewiesenen, sich fortlaufend ändernden Motiven äußerst variabel. [Ein einzelner Vogel lernt teilweise mehr als 30 verschiedene Strophen, sagteChristina Ebneter in BirdLife Feldornithologie-Kurs.] Er wird mit vorgestreckter, das Rot betonender Brust, in der Regel von einer hohen Singwarte aus, vorgetragen. Er beginnt etwa eine Stunde vor Sonnenaufgang und ist noch eine gute Zeit nach Sonnenuntergang zu hören, hauptsächlich jedoch während der Dämmerung.
Der Revieranzeigegesang wird normalerweise mit perlenden reinen Tönen und Trillern eingeleitet und fällt gegen Ende langsam ab; hohe metallische Töne werden oft dazwischen eingeschoben. Häufig sind in die 2,5 Sekunden langen Strophen auch undeutliche Imitationsphrasen eingelegt. Auf den Menschen wirkt der Reviergesang lieblich und schwermütig melodiös. Ist das Rotkehlchen hochgradig erregt, verdeutlicht es seinen Willen zur Eskalation durch übertönendes oder störendes Singen.' Ich habe in Ticino und Falera festgestellt, dass die Rotkehlchen immer noch singen und habe es nachher auch daheim im Zürcher Oberland gehört; das Ende des Singen Ende Juli ist anscheinend relativ. Seitdem weiss ich dass es eine der wenigen Vogelarten ist, die auch in Winter ein Territorium verteidigt...darum.
Song: Only for a short period in late summer while they are moulting and inconspicuous do robins stop singing. Both sexes sing. [RSPB article]
Song: Song medium to very high pitched, with mostly clear tones with a liquid quality. Timbre reminiscent of Wren or Dunnock, but with a much more varied structure and tempo. Pitch ranges from very high to low, almost thrush-like, notes. No recognizable motifs. Often ends on a rising or falling pitch, giving it a "Chinese" accent. [Link]		 ♫
stereotypisch melodisch

Buchfink ■■		 stereotypisch melodisch slow medium (1-5 KHz) . General: A medium long phrase that slowly descends (I think of it bouncing down a staircase), then usually takes a jump up before a final descent.
Song: In Bayern gilt als Merksatz des Buchfinken: „Ich hätte gerne ein Weizenbier“ [DasHaus]
Song: Song a falling 5 sec. phrase "zitt-zitt-chep-chepp-chu-chu-churrurrwitt". Structurally similar to Willow Warbler, but with a conclusive, ascending and accented ending, and with a much harder, finch-like, timbre. [Link]		 ♫

Gimpel ■■		 stereotypisch melodisch slow low-high (2-8 KHz) . 3-note long M, pause, HL (somewhat falling)...Gim! Gim-peeel! Sounds a bit like a pirol.
Song: Song a quiet, modest mix of contact call and various chirping sounds, with peculiar harmonics. [Link]		 ♫
einfach rhythmisch

Zilpzalp ■■		 einfach rhythmisch slow high (3-9 KHz) . Seems to consist of 3 notes repeated randomly, occasionally just 2 notes. Though NABU.de says they stop singing at the end of July, I do hear their 3-note song occasionally in October, but just one or two repetitions.
Song: Von Mitte August bis Ende September bringt der Zilpzalp regelmäßig Herbstgesang dar. [Link]
Lange Reihen (6-20) von „zilp-zalp“-Rufen, meist abwechselnd in Tonhöhe. (Als bemühe sich der Sänger vergeblich den ersten Ton wieder zu treffen , ohne jedoch weit zu verfehlen.) „Zins zahl, Zins zahl, zahl Zins, Zins Zins zahl“ („Zins“ etwas höher als „zahl“) [Link]
Song a very distinct: "chiff-chaff-chiff-chiff-chaff-chiff", in a regular clock-like rhythm. Each syllable at seemingly random pitch, but no large intervals tonally. Sometimes "get stuck" at one note. [Link]		 ♫
stereotypisch melodisch

Bachstelze ■■		 stereotypisch melodisch slow low-high (2-7 KHz) . General: Usually just calls. This song is just a few chirpy slurs, sometimes rising-rising-falling.
Song: Zirpt wie ein Sperling aber weniger Noten. Lh lh lh [Link]
Song: Song either slow and primitive, consisting of sharp falling notes given by perched birds, or longer fast and energic bursts in excited song-flight. [Link]		 ♫

Schafstelze ■■		 stereotypisch melodisch slow high (3-9 KHz) . Just a few notes, call seems to be common but song rare. Very short chirp of ~ 1 sec, long pause of 3 secs. At Wauwilermoos it seemed to be 'Twee tweetwee (higher note:) twee!'
Song: Song primitive and less striking. Beware differences in calls and songs between different subspecies. [Link]		 ♫
einfach rhythmisch

Feldsperling ■■		 einfach rhythmisch slow low-high (2-7 KHz) . Monotones Zirpen, rauher als Haussperling. Hauptsächlich 2-7 KHz mit vielen Übertönen.
Song: Chattering sounds are generally harder, and song slightly higher pitched than House Sparrow. [Link]		 ♫
stereotypisch melodisch
Triller

Gebirgsstelze ■■		 Triller stereotypisch melodisch fast high (3-9 KHz) . BirdID says Song simple but variable. I hear trills up to 2 seconds long and chirps. Another description says a series of calls, not very melodic. I noted zwitx3, sometimes hhhhhll. [Link]
Song: Song simple but variable. Sometimes with more elaborate song-flight like White Wagtail. [Link]		 ♫

Heckenbraunelle ■■		 stereotypisch melodisch fast high (4-8 KHz) . General: High-pitched, repetitive but complex little tune.
Song: Melodisch, slowly rising, roughly like black-cap warbler, which I guessed in the bird-song.ch quiz. [Link]
Song: Singt schon im Vorfrühling. Klangfarbe ähnlich Gartenbaumläufer. Aufbau ähnlich Zaunkönig, aber ohne Triller. Viel leiser und dünner. [Link]
Song a fast and evenly paced, high pitched stream of clear notes. No consistent phrasing. Similar in timbre to Robin, but does not vary tempo or pitch nearly as much. Often compared to the sound of a squeaky wheelbarrow. [Link]		 ♫
nicht musikalisch
Raspel

Uferschwalbe ■■		 Raspel nicht musikalisch fast low-high (1-7 KHz) . Fast raspy one-noter.
Song: Song a primitive improvisation on the contact call. [Link]		 ♫
stereotypisch melodisch

Mehlschwalbe ■■		 stereotypisch melodisch fast low-high (2-7 KHz) . Song: Mehlschwalbe klingt weniger melodisch als der Rauchschwalbe [Link]
Merry improv of chirping, contact call [Link]
Song: Song a merry improvisation of chirping, contact call-like sounds (sometimes recalling a budgerigar). [Link]		 ♫

Rauchschwalbe ■■		 stereotypisch melodisch fast medium (2-6 KHz) . General: Squeaky with occasional buzzes, usually heard in flock.
Song: Kann melodisch sein wenn einzeln gehört statt viele zusammen. [Link]
Song: Characteristic calls and song. Song a sparkling, squeaky energetic improvisation with interspersed contact calls, often with diagnostic ending; an electric and drawn-out "su-eerrrrrrrrrrrrrrr". [Link]		 ♫
einfach rhythmisch
Triller

Waldlaubsänger ■■		 Triller einfach rhythmisch fast high (5-8 KHz) . Sid-sid-sid-sirrrr. 3 secs, then 5 secs pause. At bird-song.ch I hear a slow-fast one-noter, about 8 slow ones in 1.5 seconds, then a trill of 25 fast ones.
Song: kurze Reihe (4-10) v. Stakkatotönen, gefolgt von abfallendem Schwirrroller. (Tönt wie das Anlassen eines Velosolex) Während des Gesanges schwebender Schwirrflug. Dazu hört man eine Reihe angenehmer Pfeiflaute wie „djü“ [Link]
Song distinct. An accelerating series of sharp, metallic "swee-swee-swee-swee". Alternative (piping) song a series of 4-6 piping, plaintive and descending "pew - pew" calls. Resembles Willow Tit's song, but is softer with each note more evenly pitched. Contact call similar to individual syllables of piping song, but with heavier accent on the ending. [Link]		 ♫

Grauschnäpper ■■		 einfach rhythmisch slow high (6-8 KHz) . High (6-8 KHz?) short sound repeated every half to 5 seconds.
Song: Gesang 'unauffaellig' - zirp x 2-3, mal steigender tWIT
Song a primitive, slow series of various buzzing and very high pitched sounds. No recurring phrases. [Link]		 ♫
improvisiert melodisch
Raspel, komisch

Wasseramsel ■■		 Raspel, komisch improvisiert melodisch fast low-high (1-7 KHz) . Wonderfully weird sequence of chirps, cheeps, growls. Elements often repeated twice. In a quiz, I mistook it for a starling. This recording reminds me of other water songbirds like the Marsh warbler and various reed warblers.
Song: Song a mid tempo, staccato improvisation on contact call-like sounds. Not unlike a budgerigar. Both sexes sing, the female less melodic and more staccato than the male. [Link]		 ♫
Mimikry

Gelbspötter ■■		 Mimikry improvisiert melodisch fast low-high (2-10 KHz) . Short bits 4-8 notes, sometimes with a little pause, overall a greenfinch feel. Some whoops, some chucks like a great tit, some bits like a house sparrow, even a meow. BirdLife Schweiz says full of vigor, includes some mis-tones and creaky calls; eBird says Song is fast, loud, and melodious with lots of mimicry.Can sing low (2k) or high (10k)
Song: Sein lauter, lebhafter und variabler Gesang setzt sich aus flötenden, zwitschernden und nasalen Tönen sowie Imitationen anderer Vogelarten wie Drosseln, Meisen, Schwalben oder Pirol zusammen. [Scheint mir aus Segmente von ~2 Sekunden zu bestehen.] [Link]
Song very virtuous and varied. Most similar to Marsh Warbler, but timbre and attack harder and more powerful. Tempo varied with many pauses, but includes longer, and more flowing sequences than Marsh Warbler. Song frequently interrupted by characteristic, nasal, high-pitched squeaks unlike Marsh Warbler. Master of mimicry. Imitations are often repeated several times before changing to melodious motifs or more "noisy" phrases. [Link]		 ♫
stereotypisch melodisch

Trauerschnäpper Schwarzer Kopf aber nicht traurig ■■		 stereotypisch melodisch fast high (3-10 KHz) . Nice short melody, often with 2-note parts. Blackbird-like but little variation (though differs in dialect).
Song: Song a pleasant, tuneful, simple but varied phrase. [Link]		 ♫
improvisiert melodisch
Triller

Blaukehlchen ■■		 Triller improvisiert melodisch fast high (3-8 KHz) . Often one little phrase or even a single note repeated, a bit like a nightingale? Occasional figaro?
Song: Song: Structure slightly similar to Nightingale, but tone much thinner and less full-bodied. A good impersonator and various imitations are interwoven among metallic, ringing sounds to form a complex, intriguing song. [Link]		 ♫
einfach rhythmisch

Feldschwirl ■■		 einfach rhythmisch fast high (5-8 KHz) . Buzzing like an insect or machinery. BirdLife Schweiz says like a grasshopper (which is after all the English name).
Song: Sehr lang anhaltendes Schwirren. Die einzelnen Schlage noch zu erkennen. Der Klang erinnert etwas an Heuschreckenzirpen (alter Name Heuschreckenrohrsänger, langer Name, lange Strophe) und klingt etwas blechern., d.h. Mit Oberton. (fast wie ein Wecker bei dem man den Finger etwas auf die Glocke hält) [Link]
Song insect-like and high-pitched. A monotonous stream of even clicks similar to a running fishing line. Maintained for seemingly endless periods, and often hard to locate. Song most similar to Savi's Warbler but is slower (each click more separated), and higher pitched with a metallic, ringing quality. Short sequences of song also functions as contact call. Also a Robin-like "tick". [Link]		 ♫

Ziegenmelker ■■		 einfach rhythmisch fast medium (2-4 KHz) . Buzzing like machinery or a (BirdID says) a cricket. Changes pitch at times.
Song: Song unique among birds, but quite similar to Mole cricket. A mechanical, continuous slur, like the sound of a distant motorbike. As opposed to the Mole Cricket, it often "shifts gear" by changing pitch to a note approximately a fourth below the drone. [Link]		 ♫

Ringdrossel ■■		 einfach rhythmisch slow medium (1-5 KHz) . BirdID says Song a primitive, plaintive series of short phrases, often with only 1-2 syllables (I heard 2-3 in Amden, sometimes chirpy, sometimes less musical).
Song: Habe mit dem Buntspecht verwechselt - Ringdrossel singt 2-3 Noten - hilft das? [Link]
Song a primitive, plaintive series of short phrases. Often with only one or two syllables. Interspersed with eerie, higher pitched sounds, reminiscent of Song Thrush. [Link]		 ♫

Singammer		 . Automatically generated from Xeno-Canto recording
Song: In this study it was found that young song sparrows recognize both a typical sound type, a trill, and the temporal pattern of the song, whereas swamp sparrows only listen for the trill, having no complex song. [page 82: acoustic cues for species-selective song learning]
The authors describe the singing with amusing terms, puff-sing-wave used to drive off a territorial intruder, and the aggressive 'zhee' call used throughout the year to threaten other species or other song sparrows. [page 165]
It was seen (by Hiebert et al in 1989) that song sparrows with a larger repertoire acquired a territory more quickly and survived longer. [page 48]
It was seen that song sparrows matched the song repertoire of a neighbor to show that they were recognized. The authors (Beecher et al 1996) said that though not very aggressive, echoing the song of a neighbor's repertoire is more aggressive than singing a completely different song. [page 50]
Another theory is that knowing all the songs of a neighbor means that it is sufficient to just responds those songs. If a bird has had to move to a more distant area or knows fewer songs himself, he may need to fight more often to prove the same point. [page 51-52]
Young birds are said to learn songs from either one adult male after hatching, therefore in the area his parents did their breeding, or after migration the following spring, in which case it learns other songs from a male there. Dialects happen because birds tend to breed and therefore to sing in the same local area where they learned their songs. [page 115-116]
One study shows that birds under stress during song learning in early development produce poor quality songs with fewer copied notes. Females prefer songs learned with accuracy, so these poor stress-out kids are out of luck. [page 324]
Beecher 2008 notes that song sparrows always learn an entire song and don't link two different songs; and that they tend to learn songs sung by many different males in their new neighbohood, making the song more useful to them. [page 375]
Stoddard et all 1991 noted that though each song sparrow has a repertoire of 10 songs, the set of neighbors will have about 50 all in all, but each can recognize the individuals. As I understood from the discussion before that, the point is that each can recognize the other's voice if they both sing the same song [page 384]
Here it's mentioned that birds with more songs in their repertoire live longer - whether song sparrows in North America or great tits, which live right by our home. [page 396]
Some birds like white-crowned sparrows are "open ended learners", and could learn song sparrow songs but prefer those of their own species. These open ended learners continue to learn songs well into adulthood or even throughout their lives. [page 371]		 ♫

Uebung

♫
Lösung Kernbeißerweber XC156374 - Asian Golden Weaver - Ploceus hypoxanthus chryseus - song - Cát Tiên National Park, Vietnam.
♫ Lösung Mönchsgrasmücke
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Lösung Kuckuck XC801215 - Common Cuckoo - Cuculus canorus.
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Lösung Heckenbraunelle XC778759 - Dunnock - Prunella modularis - song recorded in Spain.
♫ Lösung Dajalschama Melodic appearance of Oriental Magpie Robin Male 🕊️🌄#birds #viral #morning #song.
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Lösung Italiensperling XC729736 - Italian Sparrow - Passer italiae - song recorded in Italy.
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Lösung Raubwürger
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Lösung Kleinspecht
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Lösung Sumpfrohrsänger
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Lösung Waldlaubsänger
♫ Lösung Saxicola maurus XC236691 - Siberian Stonechat - Saxicola maurus - song, Kazakhstan.
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Lösung Pericrocotus divaricatus XC842169 - Ashy Minivet - Pericrocotus divaricatus - song - Bangkok, Thailand.
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Lösung Blaumeise XC555029 blaumeise.
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Lösung Baumpieper
♫ Lösung Gelbbrauen-Laubsänger XC894390 - Yellow-browed Warbler - Phylloscopus inornatus - song, lLMmh - Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, Thailand.
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Lösung Megalaima haemacephala XC857059 - Coppersmith Barbet - Psilopogon haemacephalus indicus - song but just one repeated note - Chang Wat Nonthaburi, Thailand.
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Lösung Wintergoldhähnchen XC475114-Regulus regulus - Goldcrest song.
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Lösung Haubenmeise XC560609-european-crested-tit-lophophanes cristatus2020.05.20 11.51 01 song.
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Lösung Teichrohrsänger
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Lösung Acridotheres grandis XC607250 - Great Myna - Acridotheres grandis - song - Thai Samakkhi Village, Amphoe Wang Nam Khiao, Chang Wat Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.
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Lösung Goldammer XC29721 - Yellowhammer - Emberiza citrinella - song with XlB dialect, recorded in Cudrefin, Switzerland.
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Lösung Dreizehenspecht Dreizehenspecht trommelt
♫ Lösung Weidenmeise
♫ Lösung Kohlmeise
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Lösung Blaumerle
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Lösung Berglaubsänger
♫ Lösung Weissstorch
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Lösung Rotkopfwürger XC722557 - Woodchat Shrike - Lanius senator - song.
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Lösung Curruca communis XC344648 - Common Whitethroat - Sylvia communis communis - song, recorded in Germany.
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Lösung Tannenhäher
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Lösung Birkenzeisig XC703947 - Common Redpoll - Acanthis flammea - song.
♫
Lösung Halsbandschnäpper
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Lösung Girlitz
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Lösung Rauchschwalbe XC768452 - Barn Swallow - Hirundo rustica - song recorded in Denmark, rare recording with just a single bird.
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Lösung Alpendohle XC769199 - Alpine Chough - Pyrrhocorax graculus graculus - song recorded in Morocco.
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Lösung Sumpfmeise
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Lösung Bergpieper
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Lösung Butorides striata XC791519 - Striated Heron - Butorides striata - song, sounds like Ow plus pi-rol lhl, Copperbelt Province, Zambia.
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Lösung Stieglitz
♫ Lösung Fasanblatthühnchen XC190863 - Pheasant-tailed Jacana - Hydrophasianus chirurgus - song, sounds like pir-ol.
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Lösung Rotkehlchen XC782997 - European Robin - Erithacus rubecula - song recorded in Italy.
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Lösung Rohrammer
♫ Lösung Gangesbrillenvogel Indian White Eye dawn song in Southern India from Wikipedia.
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Lösung Bachstelze
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Lösung Blaukehlchen XC131272 - Bluethroat - Luscinia svecica volgae - song.
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Lösung Mauerläufer XC569274 - Wallcreeper - Tichodroma muraria - song, this one sounds likes a pi-rol.
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Lösung Schafstelze
♫ Lösung Grünfink XenoCanto European Greenfinch XC548561-200419 Verdier MP3.
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Lösung Schwanzmeise
♫ Lösung Singammer Catbird plus song sparrow, 18 Cherrywood Court.
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Lösung Dicrurus macrocercus XC814830 - Black Drongo - Dicrurus macrocercus cathoecus - song, Hong Kong, China.
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Lösung Schneesperling XC736093 - White-winged Snowfinch - Montifringilla nivalis - song recorded in Switzerland.
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Lösung Anthreptes malacensis XC894450 - Brown-throated Sunbird - Anthreptes malacensis - song, Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, Thailand.
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Lösung Turteltaube XC728296 - European Turtle Dove - Streptopelia turtur.
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Lösung Prinia inornata XC891889 - Plain Prinia - Prinia inornata herberti - chirpy song - Phnom Krom rice fields, Cambodia.
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Lösung Buntspecht Great spotted woodpecker drumming
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Lösung Einfarb-Mistelfresser XC706158 - Plain Flowerpecker - Dicaeum minullum olivaceum - song - Phou Hin Poun NPA, Khammouane, Laos.
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Lösung Zaunammer XC758664 - Cirl Bunting - Emberiza cirlus - one-note song recorded in Spain.
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Lösung Eichelhäher XC519564 Eurasian Jay strange song maybe like grumbling I heard, what BirdID calls a buzzard-like, mewing peeeaaa.
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Lösung Mehlschwalbe
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Lösung Gebirgsstelze
♫ Lösung Zaunkönig XC554714-Zaunkoenig song.
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Lösung Saxicola stejnegeri XC405064 - Stejneger's Stonechat - Saxicola stejnegeri - song - Muraviovka Park, Russian Federation.
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Lösung Cisticola exilis XC746858 - Golden-headed Cisticola - Cisticola exilis equicaudatus - song, Vientiane Prefecture, Laos.
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Lösung Rotdrossel
♫ Lösung Gartengrasmücke
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Lösung Brachpieper
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Lösung Tannenmeise XC539352 coal tit 1m04.
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Lösung Gracupica nigricollis XC841892 - Black-collared Starling - Gracupica nigricollis - call, song - Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, Thailand.
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Lösung Brachypodius atriceps XC665354 - Black-headed Bulbul - Brachypodius melanocephalos - song, Central Catchment Nature Reserve, Singapore.
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Lösung Bluthänfling
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Lösung Eisvogel XC839045 - Common Kingfisher - Alcedo atthis - song - Viana do Castelo, Portugal.
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Lösung Birkhuhn
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Lösung Waldbaumläufer XC656422 - Eurasian Treecreeper - Certhia familiaris - song, recorded in Sweden.
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Lösung Schwarzkehlchen
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Lösung Uferschwalbe
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Lösung Bergfink
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Lösung Doppelhornvogel XC819734 - Great Hornbill - Buceros bicornis - song, sounds like a frog.
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Lösung Erlenzeisig
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Lösung Gelbspötter XC772854 - Icterine Warbler - Hippolais icterina - song, recorded in Sweden.
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Lösung Fichtenkreuzschnabel XC775798 - Red Crossbill - Loxia curvirostra - song.
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Lösung Muskatbronzemännchen XC797137 - Scaly-breasted Munia - Lonchura punctulata topela - song, Pha Chang Park, Wiang Chai District, Chiang Rai, Thailand.
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Lösung Hausrotschwanz XC745021 - Black Redstart - Phoenicurus ochruros - typical song recorded in Calabria, Italy.
♫ Lösung Zilpzalp
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Lösung Heidelerche
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Lösung Sommergoldhähnchen (alternate) XC769178 - Common Firecrest - Regulus ignicapilla - song recorded in the Netherlands.
♫ Lösung Singdrossel
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Lösung Feldsperling XC558751-Feldsperling.
♫ Lösung Rotkardinal Morning at Cherrywood Court - northern cardinal, gray catbirds, song sparrow.
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Lösung Nachtigall
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Lösung Orpheusspötter
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Lösung Feldschwirl XC557238 - Common Grasshopper Warbler - Locustella naevia - song.
♫ Lösung Katzendrossel Gray catbird weird song, Cherrywood Court.
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Lösung Klappergrasmücke
♫ Lösung Sommergoldhähnchen Amsel, rabenkraehe, eventuell sommergoldhaehnchen.
♫ Lösung Buchfink Wald amsel plus buchfink.
♫ Lösung Kanarengirlitz Quinta San Antonio da Serra, Madeira - Kanarengirlitz Gesang.
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Lösung Braunkehlchen XC775379 - Whinchat - Saxicola rubetra - song, recorded in Sweden.
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Lösung Saatkrähe XC749507 - Rook - Corvus frugilegus - song.
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Lösung Wacholderdrossel
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Lösung Neuntöter
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Lösung Steinschmätzer
♫ Lösung Rotaugenvireo
♫ Lösung Prinia hodgsonii XC541994 - Grey-breasted Prinia - Prinia hodgsonii erro - call, song - Vientiane prefecture, Laos.
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Lösung Pycnonotus goiavier XC477488 - Yellow-vented Bulbul - Pycnonotus goiavier - song - Davao City, Davao del Sur, Davao Region, Philippines.
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Lösung Afrikanische Schwarzkehlchen XC633658 - European Stonechat - Saxicola rubicola - song.
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Lösung Pirol
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Lösung Grauschnäpper XC656714 - Spotted Flycatcher - Muscicapa striata.
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Lösung Rohrschwirl
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Lösung Trauerschnäpper
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Lösung Grauspecht
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Lösung Zitronenzeisig
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Lösung Anthus hodgsoni XC832525 - Olive-backed Pipit - Anthus hodgsoni - song, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
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Lösung Schilfrohrsänger
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Lösung Drosselrohrsänger
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Lösung Gimpel
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Lösung Zippammer
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Lösung Ringdrossel
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Lösung Wendehals XC800958 - Eurasian Wryneck - Jynx torquilla.
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Lösung Ziegenmelker
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Lösung Wanderbaumelster XC810503 - Rufous Treepie - Dendrocitta vagabunda - pir-ol-like song - Bardiya National Park, Bardiya, Lumbini Province, Nepal.
♫ Lösung Grünspecht
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Lösung Scharlachmistelfresser XC663560 - Scarlet-backed Flowerpecker - Dicaeum cruentatum cruentatum - song, Nong Pen, Vientiane Prefecture, Laos.
♫ Lösung Gartenrotschwanz
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Lösung Coracias affinis XC611151 - Indochinese Roller - Coracias affinis - song, Chon Buri, Thailand.
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Lösung Ortolan
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Lösung Dickschnabelspötter XC805623 - Thick-billed Warbler - Arundinax aedon - song - Khabarovsk Krai, Russian Federation.
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Lösung Rhipidura javanica XC855225 - Malaysian Pied Fantail - Rhipidura javanica longicauda - song - Krung Thep Maha Nakhon, Thailand.
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Lösung Orthotomus sutorius XC878897 - Common Tailorbird - Orthotomus sutorius maculicollis - song, hl hl hl hl, Sekinchan, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Lösung Fitis XC556112-Fitis 1 Laubsänger 2 song.
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Lösung Misteldrossel XC800869 - Mistle Thrush - Turdus viscivorus.
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Lösung Feldlerche
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Lösung Seidenschwanz XC749574 - Bohemian Waxwing - Bombycilla garrulus - song recorded in Norway, a long series of trills.
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Lösung Karmingimpel XC654449 - Common Rosefinch - Carpodacus erythrinus - song.
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Lösung Wiesenpieper
♫ Lösung Elster
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Lösung Pycnonotus finlaysoni XC298504 - Stripe-throated Bulbul - Pycnonotus finlaysoni - song, Thailand.
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Lösung Haussperling XC753974 - House Sparrow - Passer domesticus - song of a single bird, recorded in the UK.
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Lösung Dorngrasmücke
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Lösung Rhadina sibilatrix XC727564 - Wood Warbler - Phylloscopus sibilatrix - song.
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Lösung Heckenkuckuck XC862888 - Greater Coucal - Centropus sinensis intermedius - song, pigeon-like.
♫ Lösung Amsel Kohlmeise, Rotkehlchen, Amsel 06-00.
♫ Lösung Schreiadler
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Lösung Beutelmeise XC357228 - Eurasian Penduline Tit - Remiz pendulinus - song, 3 second melody mixed with occasional swoop calls.
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Lösung Wasseramsel XC512901-Wasseramsel.
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Lösung Artamus fuscus XC823422 - Ashy Woodswallow - Artamus fuscus - song, That Luang lake & fields, Vientiane Prefecture, Laos.
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Lösung Grauammer
♫ Lösung Star
♫
Lösung Gartenbaumläufer
♫ Lösung Schwarzspecht XC554337 Black woodpecker song.
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Lösung Alpenbraunelle
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Lösung Schlangenweihe XC809894 - Crested Serpent Eagle - Spilornis cheela - song - Lumbini Province, Nepal.
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Lösung Rubinkehlchen XC843510 - Siberian Rubythroat - Calliope calliope - song, Vientiane Prefecture, Laos.
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Lösung Gelbbauchsperling XC878331 - Plain-backed Sparrow - Passer flaveolus - song - Donkoi, Vientiane Prefecture, Laos.
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Lösung Cinnyris asiaticus XC792182 - Purple Sunbird - Cinnyris asiaticus intermedius - call, song, Chiang Rai, Thailand.
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Lösung Bartsittich XC35744 - Red-breasted Parakeet - Psittacula alexandri - song - Cat Tien National Park, Cochinchina, Vietnam.
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Lösung Kleiber Is the brevity what makes it a song, whereas calls seem to go on endlessly?